Thursday, 10 December 2015
Sunday, 6 December 2015
INFECTION CONTROL IN DIALYSIS SETING
✅ Infection Control in Dialysis – MCQs (Set 1)
1. The most common cause of infection-related death in dialysis patients is:
A. Pneumonia
B. Sepsis from catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI)
C. Peritonitis
D. Urinary tract infection
➡️ Answer: B. Sepsis from catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI)
2. Hand hygiene should be performed:
A. Only before cannulating a fistula
B. Before and after any patient contact
C. Only after removing gloves
D. Only at the start and end of shift
➡️ Answer: B. Before and after any patient contact
3. Which of the following access types carries the highest infection risk?
A. AV fistula
B. AV graft
C. Tunneled catheter
D. Non-tunneled temporary catheter
➡️ Answer: D. Non-tunneled temporary catheter
4. Which solution is most appropriate for disinfecting a dialysis machine’s external surfaces between patients?
A. Normal saline
B. 0.9% Sodium hypochlorite
C. 70% Isopropyl alcohol
D. Hydrogen peroxide
➡️ Answer: C. 70% Isopropyl alcohol
5. What is the minimum contact time for alcohol-based hand rubs to be effective?
A. 10 seconds
B. 15 seconds
C. 20–30 seconds
D. 1 minute
➡️ Answer: C. 20–30 seconds
6. Gloves must be changed:
A. Only if visibly soiled
B. Between different patients or procedures
C. Every hour during dialysis
D. Only when moving from a dirty area to clean
➡️ Answer: B. Between different patients or procedures
7. Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for:
A. Only dialysis nurses
B. All dialysis patients and staff
C. Only HBV-positive patients
D. Patients with AV grafts only
➡️ Answer: B. All dialysis patients and staff
8. Which practice is essential to prevent catheter-related infections?
A. Use of povidone-iodine ointment daily
B. Proper hub disinfection and aseptic dressing technique
C. Cover catheter with gauze only
D. Use of reusable gloves
➡️ Answer: B. Proper hub disinfection and aseptic dressing technique
9. Which statement is TRUE about isolation in the dialysis unit?
A. Hepatitis B patients require no special precautions
B. HIV-positive patients must be dialyzed in a separate room
C. Hepatitis B patients should be dialyzed using dedicated machines in isolation
D. All infected patients are dialyzed on the same machine
➡️ Answer: C. Hepatitis B patients should be dialyzed using dedicated machines in isolation
10. The “Clean” area in the dialysis unit refers to:
A. Patient waiting area
B. Area where medications and supplies are stored and prepared
C. The isolation room
D. Machine disinfection station
➡️ Answer: B. Area where medications and supplies are stored and prepared
11. The recommended personal protective equipment (PPE) during vascular access cannulation includes:
A. Gloves only
B. Gloves and gown
C. Gloves, gown, face shield/mask
D. No PPE is required
➡️ Answer: C. Gloves, gown, face shield/mask
12. Environmental surfaces in the dialysis unit should be disinfected at minimum:
A. Once a week
B. Daily after last session
C. After each patient treatment
D. Only if visibly dirty
➡️ Answer: C. After each patient treatment
13. According to CDC, patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 should be dialyzed:
A. First in the day
B. In open space with others
C. In a separate room or designated shift
D. No special precautions required
➡️ Answer: C. In a separate room or designated shift
14. When should the dialysis station chair be cleaned and disinfected?
A. Weekly
B. Only at end of the day
C. Between patients
D. Monthly
➡️ Answer: C. Between patients
15. Which practice can lead to cross-contamination between patients?
A. Wearing gloves for multiple procedures on same patient
B. Using same tourniquet without disinfection
C. Using clean gauze for each patient
D. Wearing mask during cannulation
➡️ Answer: B. Using same tourniquet without disinfection
16. Which of the following is an engineering control for infection prevention in dialysis units?
A. Alcohol hand rub
B. Isolation rooms
C. Use of gloves
D. Training on hygiene
➡️ Answer: B. Isolation rooms
17. Hepatitis C transmission in dialysis units most commonly occurs due to:
A. Airborne transmission
B. Infected water supply
C. Lapses in infection control like shared supplies
D. Dirty dialysis membrane
➡️ Answer: C. Lapses in infection control like shared supplies
18. Which step is essential before drawing blood samples from dialysis lines?
A. Just disconnect and draw
B. Flush with heparin
C. Disinfect ports for at least 15–30 seconds with alcohol
D. Use bare hands
➡️ Answer: C. Disinfect ports for at least 15–30 seconds with alcohol
19. In high-risk infection settings, reusable blood pressure cuffs should be:
A. Wiped with dry cloth
B. Used between patients without cleaning
C. Dedicated to one patient or disinfected between uses
D. Sprayed with perfume
➡️ Answer: C. Dedicated to one patient or disinfected between uses
20. After exposure to blood or body fluid in the dialysis unit, the staff should:
A. Wash with saline
B. Ignore if no wound
C. Immediately wash area with soap and water and report for follow-up
D. Wait until end of shift to report
➡️ Answer: C. Immediately wash area with soap and water and report for follow-up
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